JCEG ID JCEG129
Name chs-2      WormBase    NCBI Gene
Human Ortholog

GGDB:HAS2 

OMIM:

GWAS Catalog
STREAMRAFp-valueORBETACIStudy
DOWNSTREAM 0.63 0.000006 1.59 [1.30-1.92] 21546767
DOWNSTREAM 0.047 0.000005 (Folate ) 0.03 (nmol/L increase) [NR] 23251661
GGDB Score E-val
HAS2 50 3e-07
HAS3 49 6e-07
Option tblastn : Query Worm Protein, Subject GGDB mRNA, E-val < 0.00001
Family Name Glycosaminoglycan (GAG ) and Chitin synthesis genes
Locus Tag F48A11.1
RNAi phenotype
phenotype Emb, oocyte morphology variant
Microscope observation (Image)
COPAS (Image)
hsp-4::GFP (Image)
Sequence Features tm:Detected
kr:Detected
Sequence CDS
Protein
References

Maeda I, Kohara Y, Yamamoto M, Sugimoto A Curr. Biol. (2001) 11 (3) :171-6 [PMID : 11231151] Large-scale analysis of gene function in Caenorhabditis elegans by high-throughput RNAi.

Veronico P, Gray LJ, Jones JT, Bazzicalupo P, Arbucci S, Cortese MR, Di Vito M, De Giorgi C Mol. Genet. Genomics (2001) 266 (1) :28-34 [PMID : 11589574] Nematode chitin synthases: gene structure, expression and function in Caenorhabditis elegans and the plant parasitic nematode Meloidogyne artiellia.

Kamath RS, Fraser AG, Dong Y, Poulin G, Durbin R, Gotta M, Kanapin A, Le Bot N, Moreno S, Sohrmann M, Welchman DP, Zipperlen P, Ahringer J Nature (2003) 421 (6920) :231-7 [PMID : 12529635] Systematic functional analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome using RNAi.

Zhang Y, Foster JM, Nelson LS, Ma D, Carlow CK Dev. Biol. (2005) 285 (2) :330-9 [PMID : 16098962] The chitin synthase genes chs-1 and chs-2 are essential for C. elegans development and responsible for chitin deposition in the eggshell and pharynx, respectively.

Fanelli E, Di Vito M, Jones JT, De Giorgi C Gene (2005) 349 :87-95 [PMID : 15777697] Analysis of chitin synthase function in a plant parasitic nematode, Meloidogyne artiellia, using RNAi.

Berninsone PM WormBook (2006) :1-22 [PMID : 18050430] Carbohydrates and glycosylation.

Green RA, Kao HL, Audhya A, Arur S, Mayers JR, Fridolfsson HN, Schulman M, Schloissnig S, Niessen S, Laband K, Wang S, Starr DA, Hyman AA, Schedl T, Desai A, Piano F, Gunsalus KC, Oegema K Cell (2011) 145 (3) :470-82 [PMID : 21529718] A high-resolution C. elegans essential gene network based on phenotypic profiling of a complex tissue.

WormBase (WS254)

Functional Descriptions chs-2

chs-2 encodes a putative chitin synthase, paralogous to CHS-1; CHS-2 is required for synthesis of chitin lining the inner pharyngeal surface (primarily in the buccal cavity and grinder), while CHS-1 is dispensable for pharyngeal chitin; CHS-2 is also required for normal pharyngeal shape and function, and for larval viability; chs-2(RNAi) animals have abnormally large, misshapen grinders, and arrest as early larvae; chs-2 is expressed by the glandular pharyngeal g1 and g2 cells, and by m3 and m4 myoepithelial cells; chs-2 is transcribed in short periods before each larval molt; the pharyngeal expression of chs-2 parallels gna-1; CHS-2 is predicted to be in the plasma membrane rather than the Golgi apparatus.
Deletion Mutants tm3291
In Situ In Situ   
Expression Expression
db_name wbbt name def reliability expr_pattern paper WormAtlas
WB WBbt:0003681

pharynx "the feeding organ, a neuro-muscular pump in the head of the animal, used to ingest food, bacteria suspended in liquid, filter them out, grind them up and transport posteriorly into the instestine." [WB:rynl] Certain WB:Expr3654 WBPaper00026721 WormAtlas
WB WBbt:0003710

g2 "pharyngeal gland cell." [WB:rynl] Certain WB:Expr11043 WBPaper00004881 WormAtlas
WB WBbt:0003711

metacorpus "posterior segment of pharyngeal corpus." [WB:rynl] Certain WB:Expr11043 WBPaper00004881 WormAtlas
WB WBbt:0003712

g1 "pharyngeal gland cell." [WB:rynl] Certain WB:Expr11043 WBPaper00004881 WormAtlas
WB WBbt:0003713

procorpus "anterior section of pharyngeal corpus." [WB:rynl] Certain WB:Expr11043 WBPaper00004881 WormAtlas
WB WBbt:0003732

terminal bulb "the last, posterior bulb of the pharynx." [WB:rynl] Certain WB:Expr11043 WBPaper00004881 WormAtlas
WB WBbt:0003739

pm4 "fourth pharyngeal muscle cell layer" [WB:rynl] Certain WB:Expr11043 WBPaper00004881 WormAtlas
WB WBbt:0003740

pm3 "third pharyngeal muscle cell layer" [WB:rynl] Certain WB:Expr11043 WBPaper00004881 WormAtlas

WBGene00000497
Phenotype
Homology_paralog
Observed Observed and NOT Observed
Phenotype Definition RNAi / Allele
cell membrane organization biogenesis variant

"Variations in the process(es) involved in the assembly, transport, arrangement or disassembly of cell membrane structures or components compared to control." [WB:WBPaper00038381, WB:WBPerson557]
RNAi: WBRNAi00085687   WBPaper00038381   Observed
embryonic lethal

"Animals die during embryonic development. In C. elegans, often assayed as refractile eggs that fail to hatch; when applied to large-scale RNAi screens in C. elegans, more than 10% of embryos die." [WB:cab, WB:WBPaper00000179, WB:WBPaper00004403, WB:WBPaper00004540, WB:WBPaper00004651, WB:WBPaper00004769, WB:WBPaper00005654, WB:WBPaper00024497, WB:WBPaper00024925, WB:WBPaper00025054]
RNAi: WBRNAi00008816   WBPaper00005654   Observed
germline nuclear positioning variant

"Variations in the directed movement/or positioning of a nucleus to a specific location within the germline compartment compared to control." [WB:WBPaper00038381, WB:WBPerson557]
RNAi: WBRNAi00085687   WBPaper00038381   Observed
growth variant

"Variations in the processes that regulate the change (increase) in size or mass of an integrated living unit (a cell, tissue, organ or organism) compared to control animals." [GO:0040007, WB:WBPerson2021]
RNAi: WBRNAi00061175   WBPaper00025039   Observed
larval arrest

"The developmental program of the animals halts at any larval stage and thus fails to reach adulthood. In C.elegans, this occurs anytime during L1-L4 stage." [WB:WBPaper00002958, WB:WBPerson2021]
RNAi: WBRNAi00061120   WBPaper00026721   Observed
locomotion variant

"Animals exhibit deviations in self-propelled movement on a solid medium compared to control animals." [GO:0040011, WB:cab, WB:WBPaper00024949, WB:WBPerson712]
RNAi: WBRNAi00008816   WBPaper00005654   Observed
maternal sterile

" Animals produce no or very few embryos as a result of experimental treatment. This is in contrast to sterility due to genetic perturbations (maternal effect sterility)." [WB:cab, WB:cgc5599, WB:cgc7141, WB:WBPerson557]
RNAi: WBRNAi00001499   WBPaper00004651   Observed
organism morphology variant

"Animals exhibit variations in the form, structure or composition of any part of their anatomy compared to control animals." [WB:cab, WB:WBPaper00004402, WB:WBPaper00004403, WB:WBPaper00004651, WB:WBPaper00005654, WB:WBPaper00006395]
RNAi: WBRNAi00008816   WBPaper00005654   Observed
slow growth

"Any variation that causes a reduction in growth rate compared to control." [WB:cab, WB:WBPaper00004402, WB:WBPaper00004403, WB:WBPaper00004651, WB:WBPaper00004769, WB:WBPaper00005654, WB:WBPaper00006395, WB:WBPaper00024497, WB:WBPerson557]
RNAi: WBRNAi00008816   WBPaper00005654   Observed


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