JCEG ID | JCEG180 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Name | sqv-2 WormBase NCBI Gene | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Human Ortholog |
GGDB:B3GALT6 OrthoList : B3GALT6 B3GALNT2 (Ensembl Compara)
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Family Name | b3GalT1/b3GnT orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locus Tag | Y110A2AL.14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RNAi phenotype |
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Sequence Features |
kr:N.D. gg_motif:M1,M2,M3,M4 tm:Detected dxd:Detected |
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Sequence | CDS |
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Protein |
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References |
Herman T, Horvitz HR Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. (1997) 62 :353-9 [PMID : 9598369] Mutations that perturb vulval invagination in C. elegans. Herman T, Hartwieg E, Horvitz HR Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1999) 96 (3) :968-73 [PMID : 9927677] sqv mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans are defective in vulval epithelial invagination. Maeda I, Kohara Y, Yamamoto M, Sugimoto A Curr. Biol. (2001) 11 (3) :171-6 [PMID : 11231151] Large-scale analysis of gene function in Caenorhabditis elegans by high-throughput RNAi. Sugahara K, Mikami T, Uyama T, Mizuguchi S, Nomura K, Kitagawa H Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. (2003) 13 (5) :612-20 [PMID : 14568617] Recent advances in the structural biology of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Hwang HY, Olson SK, Brown JR, Esko JD, Horvitz HR J. Biol. Chem. (2003) 278 (14) :11735-8 [PMID : 12584198] The Caenorhabditis elegans genes sqv-2 and sqv-6, which are required for vulval morphogenesis, encode glycosaminoglycan galactosyltransferase II and xylosyltransferase. Wang H, Spang A, Sullivan MA, Hryhorenko J, Hagen FK Mol. Biol. Cell (2005) 16 (9) :4202-13 [PMID : 15987734] The terminal phase of cytokinesis in the Caenorhabditis elegans early embryo requires protein glycosylation. Sternberg PW WormBook (2005) :1-28 [PMID : 18050418] Vulval development. Bender AM, Kirienko NV, Olson SK, Esko JD, Fay DS Dev. Biol. (2006) 302 (2) :448-62 [PMID : 17070797] lin-35/Rb and the CoREST ortholog spr-1 coordinately regulate vulval morphogenesis and gonad development in C. elegans. Franks DM, Izumikawa T, Kitagawa H, Sugahara K, Okkema PG Dev. Biol. (2006) 296 (2) :409-20 [PMID : 16828468] C. elegans pharyngeal morphogenesis requires both de novo synthesis of pyrimidines and synthesis of heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Berninsone PM WormBook (2006) :1-22 [PMID : 18050430] Carbohydrates and glycosylation. Shaye DD, Greenwald I PLoS ONE (2011) 6 (5) :e20085 [PMID : 21647448] OrthoList: a compendium of C. elegans genes with human orthologs. Berninsone PM, Hirschberg CB Glycoconj. J. 19 (4-5) :325-30 [PMID : 12975612] The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to study the roles of proteoglycans. |
Functional Descriptions |
sqv-2 sqv-2 encodes a glycosaminoglycan galactosyltransferase II, biochemically active in vitro, that is required for cytokinesis of one-cell embryos and for vulval morphogenesis; the common requirement for SQV-2 in both cytokinesis and morphogenesis may be to promote filling an extracellular space with hygroscopic proteoglycans (either in the eggshell, or underneath the L4 cuticle), which in turn may cause the space to fill with fluid. |
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Deletion Mutants | tm2235 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In Situ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expression |
Expression
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WBGene00005020 Phenotype Homology_paralog |
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Phenotype | Definition | RNAi / Allele | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bloated
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"Worms appears turgid or swollen as a result of an excess number of eggs being retained in the uterus." [WB:WBPerson2021, WB:WBPerson557] |
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clear
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"Animals appear unusually transparent when compared to control." [WB:cab, WB:WBPaper00004402, WB:WBPaper00005654] |
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comma arrest emb
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"Cessation of development during the middle stage in embryogenesis of the worm in which the embryo is slightly folded within the eggshell (Wormatlas)." [WB:WBPerson2021, WB:WBPerson557] |
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cytokinesis variant emb
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"Any variation that disrupts the cytoplasmic division of a cell during embryonic development compared to control." [GO:0000910, WB:WBPerson2021] |
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egg laying variant
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" Animals exhibit variations in the stage of eggs laid, egg laying cycle, number of eggs or egg laying in response to stimuli compared to control." [pmid:11813735, pmid:9697864, WB:cab] |
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embryonic lethal
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"Animals die during embryonic development. In C. elegans, often assayed as refractile eggs that fail to hatch; when applied to large-scale RNAi screens in C. elegans, more than 10% of embryos die." [WB:cab, WB:WBPaper00000179, WB:WBPaper00004403, WB:WBPaper00004540, WB:WBPaper00004651, WB:WBPaper00004769, WB:WBPaper00005654, WB:WBPaper00024497, WB:WBPaper00024925, WB:WBPaper00025054] |
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hermaphrodite self sterile
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"Hermaphrodites fail to produce any viable progeny via self-fertilization. However, such hermaphrodites can successfully reproduce if mated to control males." [WB:WBPaper00001075, WB:WBPerson2021] |
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hermaphrodite sterile
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"Hermaphrodites fail to generate viable self-progeny and/or cross-progeny." [WB:WBPerson2021, WB:WBPerson557] |
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late embryonic arrest
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"Cessation of development during the final stages of embryogenesis. In C. elegans, this stage normally occurs 620-800 min after the first cleavage at 20C and is the stage after elongation." [WB:WBPerson101] |
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locomotion variant
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"Animals exhibit deviations in self-propelled movement on a solid medium compared to control animals." [GO:0040011, WB:cab, WB:WBPaper00024949, WB:WBPerson712] |
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lumpy
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"Animals have protrusions or bumps on their exterior which are not characteristic of control animals." [WB:WBPerson557] |
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multiple nuclei early emb
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"Embryos contain more than one nucleus per cell in the inviable one- to four-cell embryo." [WB:cab, WB:cgc5599] |
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one cell arrest early emb
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"Embryos fail to divide and arrest as one-cell embryos." [WB:cab, WB:cgc5599] |
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oocyte morphology variant
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"Haploid female germ cells (oocytes) exhibit variations in their overall structure, appearance or contents compared to control." [WB:WBPaper00001883, WB:WBPerson2021] |
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reduced brood size
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"The characteristic number of offspring produced is lower compared to that of control animals." [WB:WBPerson557] |
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small
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"Animals are shorter and thinner than control animals at the same developmental stage." [WB:cab, WB:cgc31] |
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squashed vulva
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"The apparent partial collapse of the vulval invagination and the elongation of central vulva cells often leading to a flattened appearance." [WB:WBPaper00003405] |
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sterile
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"Animals generate defective gametes, are otherwise unable to reproduce or they generate progeny that are unable to reproduce." [GO:0000003, WB:WBPerson712] |
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vulval invagination variant L4
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"The characteristic Christmas-tree shaped invagination formed by the terminal vulval cells at the mid-late L4 stage is altered." [WB:WBPaper00001738, WB:WBPerson2021] |
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